Any of these essays may appear on your exam. One will be required. You will have the option of writing on an additional one or two optional essays..

Study Session Will be at Dr. Mc's home (Maps on her office door) TUESDAY, Feb. 17th at 7:00 p.m.  Bring a soft drink.

1. Discuss the criticisms of the Market Place of Ideas. Be thorough. Summarize with your evaluation of the validity of the theory in present society. You may incorporate some of Bolinger's ideas into this essay, if you choose.

2. Discuss the history of the American Concept of freedom of expression as it applied to "sedition" as it developed from the year 1275  through 1960.

3. What tests are used by the Supreme Court when deciding whether or not First Amendment Freedoms have been abridged? Which one(s) are used now and why? Be sure to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each one.

4. What are Judge Robert Bork's concerns about the intent of the First Amendment and its present interpretation today. Why does Judge Bork believe the interpretation has changed and what problem does he see with that?

5. What are the basic concepts Collins and Skover apply to the First Amendment and its interpretation in modern society?

6. What is the significance of Near v. Minnesota? Be thorough and specific.

7. Why does the court allow for time, place and manner restrictions? Cite significant cases which illustrate the court's justification for such restrictions of speech.

8. Discuss the use of prior restraint when national security is involved. Be sure to discuss the Pentagon Paper and the Progressive cases as illustrations.

9. Discuss the issue of prior restraint and hate speech.  What are some of the key cases?  What are the justifications for hate speech laws?  What are the pitfalls associated with such laws?   Do you think hate speech laws are justified? Why? Why not?

10.  What is the significance of Kincaid v. Gibson?  Discuss the case, recent developments, and why it is important. 

How to prepare for essays in this class:

• Go back to your notes and highlight or copy the key concepts applied to the essay.
• Make an outline of the pertinent information.
• Memorize the outline.
• Reduce the outline to key points, on review materials so that you can look at the key points before the exam, and hopefully, they will cue the support material you have learned.

For the objective part of the exam:

• Highlight all of your notes.
• Make the "hide and seek" study sheet with all key term and lists. If you can't recite the answers specifically both ways, you don't know them.
• Make a list of key concepts and relationships to examine prior to the test. If you have studied correctly, that list should cue your memory to the support materials you have learned.

Good Luck!!!